安裝Ubuntu服務器或桌面後，您有一個問題：默認在Ubuntu上啟用了SSH？那麼答案是絕對的不'。用戶或管理員必須通過觸發單行命令來安裝或啟用SSH，我們將在本文中顯示。但是在此之前，讓我們看看什麼是SSH？
這固定外殼（SSH）是一項協議，它允許我們通過安全頻道遠程連接Ubuntu服務器或桌面。它允許運行所有命令，遠程運行我們可以在服務器上實際運行的命令。甚至用戶也可以運行命令行和圖形程序，傳輸文件，甚至可以通過Internet創建安全的虛擬專用網絡。它是由IETF網絡工作組和更可靠的協議開發的，該協議為遠程登錄會話和其他網絡服務提供了安全性。 SSH最初是UNIX系統上的程序，後來迅速擴展到其他操作平台。 SSH客戶端可在Linux，Solaris，Windows，MacOS等多個平台上找到。
在這裡，我們讓您知道如何在Ubuntu（18.04，17.04，16.04，14.04…）或Linux Mint上啟用SSH。
- 打開指揮末端l在Ubuntu服務器或桌面上。
- 要在圖形模式下打開命令終端，用戶可以使用快捷方式Ctrl+Alt+t
- 作為標準用戶或根登錄。對於root，一個人可以使用sudo -i
- 運行命令：sudo apt-get安裝ssh
- 以上命令將安裝三個軟件包：OpenSSH-CLIENT，OPENSSH-SERVER和OPENSSH-SFTP-SERVER。
- 一旦安裝了SSH服務器，使用此命令在Ubuntu上啟用它：sudo服務SSH開始
- 現在，使用以下方式檢查Ubuntu上的SSH服務器的狀態：sudo服務SSH狀態
如果要編輯SSH的某些設置，例如偵聽端口，root登錄權限以及可以通過此命令編輯配置文件來完成的更多信息：
sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config
上述所有命令的輸出：
h2s@DESKTOP-N53EEI1:~$ sudo apt-get install ssh [sudo] password for h2s: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libgsoap-2.8.60 libvncserver1 Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following additional packages will be installed: openssh-client openssh-server openssh-sftp-server Suggested packages: keychain libpam-ssh monkeysphere ssh-askpass molly-guard rssh The following NEW packages will be installed: ssh The following packages will be upgraded: openssh-client openssh-server openssh-sftp-server 3 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 174 not upgraded. Need to get 997 kB of archives. After this operation, 106 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y Get:1 https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 openssh-sftp-server amd64 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 [45.6 kB] Get:2 https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 openssh-server amd64 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 [333 kB] Get:3 https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 openssh-client amd64 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 [614 kB] Get:4 https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 ssh all 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 [5204 B] Fetched 997 kB in 5s (197 kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... (Reading database ... 99318 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../openssh-sftp-server_1%3a7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb ... Unpacking openssh-sftp-server (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) over (1:7.6p1-4) ... Preparing to unpack .../openssh-server_1%3a7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb ... Unpacking openssh-server (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) over (1:7.6p1-4) ... Preparing to unpack .../openssh-client_1%3a7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3_amd64.deb ... Unpacking openssh-client (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) over (1:7.6p1-4) ... Selecting previously unselected package ssh. Preparing to unpack .../ssh_1%3a7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3_all.deb ... Unpacking ssh (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) ... Processing triggers for ufw (0.35-5) ... Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-20) ... Processing triggers for systemd (237-3ubuntu10.3) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2) ... Setting up openssh-client (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) ... Setting up openssh-sftp-server (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) ... Setting up openssh-server (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) ... Creating SSH2 RSA key; this may take some time ... 2048 SHA256:5AdbGb5TQhr0muu4hOz49gdBC8iRRqonYXv0s0JUUHE root@DESKTOP-N53EEI1 (RSA) Creating SSH2 ECDSA key; this may take some time ... 256 SHA256:m1ibvVu6wqieTG8Yd98ocAHv3X6XqYCuhx56zq7Jgzc root@DESKTOP-N53EEI1 (ECDSA) Creating SSH2 ED25519 key; this may take some time ... 256 SHA256:SF2xPgLXsCG1Z6yEF7/+wrqTxxptiyuimxgnC7XVpwc root@DESKTOP-N53EEI1 (ED25519) invoke-rc.d: could not determine current runlevel Setting up ssh (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3) ... h2s@DESKTOP-N53EEI1:~$ sudo service ssh status * sshd is not running h2s@DESKTOP-N53EEI1:~$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done openssh-server is already the newest version (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3). The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libgsoap-2.8.60 libvncserver1 Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 174 not upgraded. h2s@DESKTOP-N53EEI1:~$ sudo service ssh start * Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server sshd [ OK ] h2s@DESKTOP-N53EEI1:~$ sudo service ssh status * sshd is running h2s@DESKTOP-N53EEI1:~$
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